Perio Disease: More than a Gum Problem

There are many different varieties of periodontal disease, and many ways in which these variations manifest themselves. All require immediate treatment by a dental professional to halt the progression and save the gum tissue and bone. Here are some of the most common types of periodontal disease along with the treatments typically performed to correct them.

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is the mildest and most common form of periodontitis. It is caused by the release of toxins from plaque and often progresses to periodontal disease. It is a reversible condition at this stage and easily managed. People at increased risk of developing gingivitis include pregnant women, women taking birth control pills, people with uncontrolled diabetes, steroid users, people who control seizures and blood pressure using medication and of course those that don’t floss regularly

Chronic Periodontal Disease

Chronic periodontal disease is characterized by inflammation both above and below the gum line and the progressive destruction of bone. It may appear that the teeth are gradually growing in length, but in actuality the gums and bone are actually receding. Once bone is lost, there is no getting it back so early intervention is key.

Aggressive Periodontal Disease

Aggressive periodontal disease is characterized by the rapid loss of gum attachment, and the rapid loss of bone tissue. The disease itself is essentially the same as chronic periodontitis but the progression is much faster. Smokers and those with a family history of this disease are at an increased risk of developing aggressive periodontitis.

Periodontal Disease Relating to Systemic Conditions

Periodontal disease can be a condition affecting the rest of the body. Heart disease, diabetes and respiratory disease are the most common conditions associated with periodontal disease, though there are many others.

Necrotizing Periodontal Disease

This form of the disease rapidly worsens and is more prevalent among people who suffer from HIV, immunosuppression, malnutrition, chronic stress or choose to smoke. Tissue death (necrosis) frequently affects the periodontal ligament, gingival tissues and alveolar bone.